What is the purpose of using a venting system in plumbing?

Using a venting system in plumbing primarily serves to prevent odors from sewer lines from entering the building. This is achieved through the installation of vent pipes that allow air to circulate in the drainage system, keeping the pressure balanced and allowing wastewater to flow smoothly without creating a vacuum. The venting system also enables the release of gases that can accumulate within the plumbing system, such as methane and hydrogen sulfide, which are typically produced by the decomposition of organic waste in sewer lines.

By maintaining a continuous air flow and preventing pressure differentials, the venting system helps ensure that unpleasant sewer odors are effectively confined to the sewer lines and not released into the living space of a building, thereby promoting a healthier and more comfortable environment for occupants. This function is crucial because exposure to sewer gases can be harmful to health.