What is the importance of a septic system?

A septic system plays a crucial role in managing wastewater for homes that are not connected to a municipal sewer system. Its primary function is to treat and dispose of sewage and wastewater generated by household activities, such as bathing, cooking, and toilet use.

In a typical septic system, waste enters a septic tank where solids settle at the bottom, forming sludge, while lighter materials like grease float to the top, forming scum. The clarified liquid waste, known as effluent, then flows into a drain field where it is further treated by the soil. This natural process helps in preventing waterborne diseases and protecting groundwater from contamination, making the septic system essential for sanitation in rural and suburban areas.

The other options do not accurately represent the primary purpose of a septic system. Its function is not restricted to irrigation, nor does it serve just as a backup for municipal systems or as a source of drinking water filtration.